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Velux Fonden
Números do Financiamento 95-16416
Resumo
O receptor é um fator externo que foi pouco investigado em pesquisas sobre discurso de ódio. No entanto, abordar esse fator é essencial para entender como e por que esse discurso desdobra seus efeitos negativos e quais características do destinatário influenciam esses efeitos. Este estudo tem como foco o destinatário. Com base em descobertas anteriores de classificações explícitas e replicações iniciais bem-sucedidas de tais classificações por meio de biosinais, apresentamos o primeiro estudo sistemático e interlinguístico sobre discurso de ódio com base em duas medidas de EEG: a proporção beta-alfa associada a excitação e a assimetria alfa frontal associada à valência. Cinquenta participantes dinamarqueses e alemães participaram e foram apresentados a estímulos de discurso de ódio falados e escritos de postagens autênticas de discurso de ódio no Twitter. Os resultados mostram que os dinamarqueses reagiram de forma mais sensível do que os alemães ao discurso contendo linguagem figurada (palavrões), enquanto os alemães reagiram de forma mais sensível ao discurso com referências ao Holocausto do que os dinamarqueses. Além disso, professores e advogados mostraram menos reações negativas a esse discurso do que funcionários da igreja, estudantes e aposentados. O efeito do meio de apresentação dependeu do respectivo tipo de discurso. Em particular, denunciar o discurso de ódio com base na ironia e indiretas atenuou seus efeitos sobre os destinatários sendo questionável se os estímulos ainda eram percebidos como discurso de ódio. Discutimos os resultados e suas implicações práticas para a punição e gestão do discurso de ódio nas redes sociais.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Oliver Niebuhr, Jana Neitsch