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Ideología
Riqueza
Poder
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Resumen
El artículo expone algunos elementos para el debate sobre la desigualdad económica y social. Comienza con la cuestión de sus medidas, sus fuentes, enfoques y metodologías, que pueden dar lugar a diferentes objetivos y controversias. A continuación, examina la experiencia estadounidense de los últimos cien años, desde la gran crisis de 1929-1933 hasta nuestros días. Se distinguen dos periodos en lo que respecta a la desigualdad. El primero, hasta aproximadamente la década de 1980, es, podría decirse, “distributivo”, y el segundo es “concentrativo”. A continuación se examinan las razones que habrían llevado a resultados tan diferentes dentro del mismo sistema capitalista que caracteriza a la nación más poderosa del mundo. A continuación, se examinan las distintas ideas e ideologías que se asocian, por un lado, a la defensa de la desigualdad y, por otro, las que, en oposición, son críticas con la desigualdad, desde distintos ángulos. Por último, se hace un breve repaso de la cuestión de la desigualdad en Brasil.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Carlos Eduardo Fernandez da Silveira